Unesp-Botucatu Composite Scale to assess pain in cattle (UCAPS – Unesp-Botucatu Cattle Pain Scale)

1. Locomotion

Score

Videos

Walking with no obviously abnormal gait

0

Walking with restriction, may be with hunched back and/or short steps

1

Reluctant to stand up, standing up with difficulty or not walking

2

2. Interactive behavior

Score

Videos

Active; attention to tactile and/or visual and/or audible environmental stimuli; when near other animals, can interact with and/or accompany the group

0

Apathetic: may remain close to other animals, but interacts little when stimulated

1

Apathetic: may be isolated or may not accompany the other animals; does not react to tactile, visual and/or audible environmental stimuli

2

3. Activity

Score

Videos

Moves normally

0

Restless, moves more than normal or lies down and stands up with frequency

1

Moves less frequently in the pasture or only when stimulated

2

4. Appetite

Score

Videos

Normorexia and/or rumination

0

Hyporexia

1

Anorexia

2

5. Miscellaneous behaviors

Videos

(A) Wagging the tail abruptly and repeatedly

(B) Licking the affected area

(C) Moves and arches the back when in standing posture

(D) Kicking/ foot stamping

(E) Hind limbs extended caudally when in standing posture

(F) Head below the line of spinal column

(G) Lying down in ventral recumbency with full or partial extension of one or both hind limbs

(H) Lying down with the head on/ close to the ground

(I) Extends the neck and body forward when lying in ventral recumbency

Score

All of the above described behaviors are absent

0

Presence of 1 of the behaviors described above

1

Presence of 2 or more of the behaviors described above

2